diff --git a/apps/backend/src/repositories/worker-platform/work-order-query-repo.ts b/apps/backend/src/repositories/worker-platform/work-order-query-repo.ts
index 5d64caeb..177da82c 100644
--- a/apps/backend/src/repositories/worker-platform/work-order-query-repo.ts
+++ b/apps/backend/src/repositories/worker-platform/work-order-query-repo.ts
@@ -99,16 +99,23 @@ const TIMEOUT_COUNT_CACHE_TTL_MS = 5_000
 const TIMEOUT_COUNT_CACHE_MAX_ENTRIES = 256
 const timeoutCountCache = new Map<string, TimeoutCountCacheEntry>()
 
-/** 后台按母工单拼单参与情况计算业务状态，open 只代表大厅生命周期。 */
+/**
+ * 后台按母工单拼单参与情况计算业务状态，open 只代表大厅生命周期。
+ *
+ * 有份额回到大厅（有效份数 < 总份数）时必须先显示「待抢单」：空位还在，
+ * 母单就还没到按份额状态推进的时候。满额后才按份额状态收敛：
+ *   - 仍有 joined 份额 → in_progress（代练中）
+ *   - 无 joined 份额   → pending_acceptance（待验收）
+ */
 function adminOperationalStatusExpression(alias = 'wo', shareSummaryAlias = '') {
   if (shareSummaryAlias) {
     return `CASE
       WHEN ${alias}.status = 'open'
         AND ${alias}.sharing_enabled IS TRUE
-        AND COALESCE(${shareSummaryAlias}.active_share_quantity, 0) > 0
       THEN CASE
-        WHEN COALESCE(${shareSummaryAlias}.active_share_quantity, 0) >= ${alias}.sharing_total_quantity
-          AND COALESCE(${shareSummaryAlias}.pending_share_count, 0) = 0
+        WHEN COALESCE(${shareSummaryAlias}.active_share_quantity, 0) < ${alias}.sharing_total_quantity
+        THEN 'open'
+        WHEN COALESCE(${shareSummaryAlias}.pending_share_count, 0) = 0
         THEN 'pending_acceptance'
         ELSE 'in_progress'
       END
@@ -116,13 +123,16 @@ function adminOperationalStatusExpression(alias = 'wo', shareSummaryAlias = '')
     END`
   }
 
+  const activeShareQuantitySql = `COALESCE((SELECT SUM(wos.quantity) FROM work_order_shares wos WHERE wos.work_order_id = ${alias}.id AND wos.status != 'cancelled'), 0)`
+  const pendingShareCountSql = `COALESCE((SELECT COUNT(*) FROM work_order_shares wos WHERE wos.work_order_id = ${alias}.id AND wos.status = 'joined'), 0)`
+
   return `CASE
     WHEN ${alias}.status = 'open'
       AND ${alias}.sharing_enabled IS TRUE
-      AND COALESCE((SELECT SUM(wos.quantity) FROM work_order_shares wos WHERE wos.work_order_id = ${alias}.id AND wos.status != 'cancelled'), 0) > 0
     THEN CASE
-      WHEN COALESCE((SELECT SUM(wos.quantity) FROM work_order_shares wos WHERE wos.work_order_id = ${alias}.id AND wos.status != 'cancelled'), 0) >= ${alias}.sharing_total_quantity
-        AND COALESCE((SELECT COUNT(*) FROM work_order_shares wos WHERE wos.work_order_id = ${alias}.id AND wos.status = 'joined'), 0) = 0
+      WHEN ${activeShareQuantitySql} < ${alias}.sharing_total_quantity
+      THEN 'open'
+      WHEN ${pendingShareCountSql} = 0
       THEN 'pending_acceptance'
       ELSE 'in_progress'
     END
diff --git a/apps/backend/src/repositories/worker-platform/work-order-settlement-repo.ts b/apps/backend/src/repositories/worker-platform/work-order-settlement-repo.ts
index 84ae7f23..a24f0a45 100644
--- a/apps/backend/src/repositories/worker-platform/work-order-settlement-repo.ts
+++ b/apps/backend/src/repositories/worker-platform/work-order-settlement-repo.ts
@@ -822,7 +822,7 @@ export async function acceptWorkOrderShareAndSettle(input: {
  * 后台撤销单个拼单份额：退还该打手押金、释放这一份的占用。
  *
  * 份额取消后空出的份数必须回到接单大厅，所以这里用统一口径重算母单状态：
- * 还有其它有效份额 → open（后台按份额推导为代练中）；一份不剩 → open（待抢单）。
+ * 存在空位 → open（后台显示待抢单）；一份不剩 → open（同样待抢单）。
  * 重算时保留原 published_at / hall_queued_at，空出的份额沿用原大厅队列位置。
  */
 export async function cancelWorkOrderShare(input: {
diff --git a/apps/backend/src/repositories/worker-platform/work-order-share-repo.ts b/apps/backend/src/repositories/worker-platform/work-order-share-repo.ts
index 8db212d1..895f4b48 100644
--- a/apps/backend/src/repositories/worker-platform/work-order-share-repo.ts
+++ b/apps/backend/src/repositories/worker-platform/work-order-share-repo.ts
@@ -626,9 +626,10 @@ export async function submitWorkOrderShareAcceptance(input: {
 /**
  * 按份额集合推导母单拼单状态（唯一口径，禁止各调用点各自 UPDATE work_orders.status）。
  *
- *   allocated >= total && joined == 0 && submitted > 0 → pending_acceptance
- *   allocated <  total 或 joined > 0                    → open
- *   allocated == 0（全部取消）                          → open（重新可参与）
+ *   allocated >= total && joined == 0 && submitted > 0 → pending_acceptance（待验收）
+ *   allocated <  total                                 → open（后台显示待抢单：空位还在）
+ *   allocated >= total && joined > 0                   → open（后台显示代练中：还有份额在做）
+ *   allocated == 0（全部取消）                          → open（待抢单，重新可参与）
  *   母单 accepted / cancelled                          → 不动
  *
  * 返回更新后的母单行（供调用方回给前端）。
diff --git a/apps/backend/src/services/worker-platform/admin-work-order-acceptance-service.ts b/apps/backend/src/services/worker-platform/admin-work-order-acceptance-service.ts
index 59547dbd..0fb128f7 100644
--- a/apps/backend/src/services/worker-platform/admin-work-order-acceptance-service.ts
+++ b/apps/backend/src/services/worker-platform/admin-work-order-acceptance-service.ts
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ export async function cancelAdminWorkOrderShare(
  * 后台按份数撤销某个打手的部分份额。
  *
  * 减少的份数会随「大厅余量 = 总份数 − Σ有效份额数量」自动回到大厅；押金保持原冻结额，
- * 母单状态按剩余份额重算（可能从待验收回到代练中，保留原大厅队列位置），
+ * 母单状态按剩余份额重算（可能从待验收回到待抢单，保留原大厅队列位置），
  * 该份额的验收资料不动（之后仍可对该份额「单独验收」）。
  */
 export async function reduceAdminWorkOrderShareQuantity(
diff --git a/apps/backend/src/services/worker-platform/work-order-display-mappers.ts b/apps/backend/src/services/worker-platform/work-order-display-mappers.ts
index c267a924..c0f18d70 100644
--- a/apps/backend/src/services/worker-platform/work-order-display-mappers.ts
+++ b/apps/backend/src/services/worker-platform/work-order-display-mappers.ts
@@ -198,12 +198,14 @@ export function resolveWorkOrderOperationalStatus(workOrder: WorkOrderRow): stri
   const activeShareQuantity = Math.max(0, Number(workOrder.active_share_quantity || 0))
   const pendingShareCount = Math.max(0, Number(workOrder.pending_share_count || 0))
   const sharingTotalQuantity = Math.max(1, Number(workOrder.sharing_total_quantity || 1))
-  const hasActiveShares = activeShareQuantity > 0
   const sharingFilled =
     workOrder.sharing_enabled === true && activeShareQuantity >= sharingTotalQuantity
 
-  if (workOrder.status === WORK_ORDER_STATUS.OPEN && workOrder.sharing_enabled && hasActiveShares) {
-    return sharingFilled && pendingShareCount === 0
+  if (workOrder.status === WORK_ORDER_STATUS.OPEN && workOrder.sharing_enabled) {
+    // 有份额回到大厅（未满额）时，母单先回到「待抢单」：空位还在，就还没到按份额状态推进的时候。
+    // 满额后才按份额状态收敛：仍有 joined → 代练中；全部已提交 → 待验收。
+    if (!sharingFilled) return WORK_ORDER_STATUS.OPEN
+    return pendingShareCount === 0
       ? WORK_ORDER_STATUS.PENDING_ACCEPTANCE
       : WORK_ORDER_STATUS.IN_PROGRESS
   }
diff --git a/apps/backend/src/services/worker-platform/worker-platform-service.test.ts b/apps/backend/src/services/worker-platform/worker-platform-service.test.ts
index 190b875f..a5ac8ad6 100644
--- a/apps/backend/src/services/worker-platform/worker-platform-service.test.ts
+++ b/apps/backend/src/services/worker-platform/worker-platform-service.test.ts
@@ -2046,6 +2046,7 @@ test('后台拼单聚合状态同时收敛筛选语义和操作能力', () => {
   assert.equal(waitingForClaim.status, 'open')
   assert.equal(waitingForClaim.capabilities.canUpdateMaterial, true)
 
+  // 有份额回到大厅（未满额）：空位还在，母单必须先显示「待抢单」。
   const partial = mapWorkOrderAdmin(
     buildWorkOrderRow({
       status: 'open',
@@ -2055,7 +2056,7 @@ test('后台拼单聚合状态同时收敛筛选语义和操作能力', () => {
       pending_share_count: 1,
     }),
   )
-  assert.equal(partial.status, 'in_progress')
+  assert.equal(partial.status, 'open')
   assert.equal(partial.rawStatus, 'open')
   assert.equal(partial.hallAvailable, true)
   assert.equal(partial.capabilities.canEdit, false)
@@ -2063,6 +2064,25 @@ test('后台拼单聚合状态同时收敛筛选语义和操作能力', () => {
   assert.equal(partial.capabilities.canAssign, false)
   assert.equal(partial.capabilities.canUpdateMaterial, true)
   assert.equal(partial.capabilities.canCancelSharing, true)
+  // 整单验收 / 整单标记问题单都要求满额且所有份额满足，不满额时不能走整单动作。
+  assert.equal(partial.capabilities.canAccept, false)
+  assert.equal(partial.capabilities.canMarkProblem, false)
+
+  // 满额但还有份额没提交：母单代练中，整单验收同样不可用。
+  const filledInProgress = mapWorkOrderAdmin(
+    buildWorkOrderRow({
+      status: 'open',
+      sharing_enabled: true,
+      sharing_total_quantity: 15,
+      active_share_quantity: 15,
+      pending_share_count: 1,
+    }),
+  )
+  assert.equal(filledInProgress.status, 'in_progress')
+  assert.equal(filledInProgress.rawStatus, 'open')
+  assert.equal(filledInProgress.hallAvailable, false)
+  assert.equal(filledInProgress.capabilities.canAccept, false)
+  assert.equal(filledInProgress.capabilities.canMarkProblem, true)
 
   const filled = mapWorkOrderAdmin(
     buildWorkOrderRow({
@@ -2080,6 +2100,38 @@ test('后台拼单聚合状态同时收敛筛选语义和操作能力', () => {
   assert.equal(filled.capabilities.canCancelSharing, true)
 })
 
+test('后台运营态先判空位：不满额必须显示待抢单，满额后才按份额推进', async () => {
+  const { readFile } = await import('node:fs/promises')
+  const queryRepo = await readFile(
+    new URL('../../repositories/worker-platform/work-order-query-repo.ts', import.meta.url),
+    'utf8',
+  )
+  const start = queryRepo.indexOf('function adminOperationalStatusExpression')
+  assert.ok(start >= 0, '缺少 adminOperationalStatusExpression')
+  const end = queryRepo.indexOf('/** 工单统一搜索字段', start)
+  const block = queryRepo.slice(start, end > start ? end : start + 4000)
+
+  // 两个分支（带 share summary 别名 / 不带别名）都必须先判「有效份数 < 总份数」。
+  assert.equal(
+    (block.match(/< \$\{alias\}\.sharing_total_quantity/g) || []).length,
+    2,
+    '空位判定必须在两版运营态表达式里都存在',
+  )
+  assert.ok(
+    block.indexOf("THEN 'open'") < block.indexOf("THEN 'pending_acceptance'"),
+    '空位分支必须排在待验收之前，否则不满额拼单会被误判为待验收',
+  )
+  assert.ok(
+    block.indexOf("THEN 'open'") < block.indexOf("ELSE 'in_progress'"),
+    '空位分支必须排在代练中之前，否则不满额拼单会被误判为代练中',
+  )
+  assert.equal(
+    (block.match(/THEN 'open'/g) || []).length,
+    2,
+    '空位分支必须在两版运营态表达式里都以待抢单收口',
+  )
+})
+
 test('已取消工单可重新启用，恢复未分配后可编辑和发布', () => {
   const cancelled = mapWorkOrderAdmin(buildWorkOrderRow({ status: 'cancelled' }))
   assert.equal(cancelled.capabilities.canReopen, true)
diff --git a/apps/frontend/src/pages/admin/panels/WorkOrdersPanel.tsx b/apps/frontend/src/pages/admin/panels/WorkOrdersPanel.tsx
index fb1a9b68..cb819745 100644
--- a/apps/frontend/src/pages/admin/panels/WorkOrdersPanel.tsx
+++ b/apps/frontend/src/pages/admin/panels/WorkOrdersPanel.tsx
@@ -3776,7 +3776,7 @@ export default function WorkOrdersPanel() {
               showIcon
               type="warning"
               message={`将撤销该打手承接的 ${cancelShare.quantity} 份拼单`}
-              description="撤单只释放这一份份额并退还该份额冻结的押金；空出的份数会回到接单大厅，母单状态按剩余份额重新计算；该份额已提交的验收资料会被清空，仅保留撤单记录。"
+              description="撤单只释放这一份份额并退还该份额冻结的押金；空出的份数会回到接单大厅，母单显示待抢单；重新拼满后再按各份额状态推进。该份额已提交的验收资料会被清空，仅保留撤单记录。"
               style={{ marginBottom: 16 }}
             />
             <Form.Item label="撤单原因" name="reason">
@@ -3810,7 +3810,7 @@ export default function WorkOrdersPanel() {
               showIcon
               type="warning"
               message={`将从该打手的 ${reduceShare.quantity} 份中撤掉指定份数`}
-              description="撤掉的份数会立刻回到抢单大厅；押金保持原冻结额不退还；验收资料保留，之后仍可单独验收剩余份数。"
+              description="撤掉的份数会立刻回到抢单大厅，母单显示待抢单；押金保持原冻结额不退还；验收资料保留，之后仍可单独验收剩余份数。"
               style={{ marginBottom: 16 }}
             />
             <Form.Item