diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 289c4ac..f03965b 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ npm run dev
 - 订单创建需要登录；开发态会直接锁定账号并进入待交接，暂不接真实支付和押金冻结。
 - 账号交接已支持号主提交说明、租客确认收号，确认后订单进入租赁中。
 - 归还流程已支持租客提交归还、号主确认归还，完成后账号重新上架。
+- 后端已接入开发态订单超时扫描任务，会按系统配置处理交接超时、确认收号超时、逾期未归还和确认归还超时。
 - 钱包账务当前为开发态模拟流水，可通过 `GET /api/wallet/balance` 和 `GET /api/wallet/ledger` 查看。
 - 后台资金流水已接入，页面为 `http://localhost:5173/admin/wallet-ledger`，支持按用户、订单和业务类型查询。
 - 站内信已支持订单关键节点自动写入，可通过 `GET /api/notifications` 查看。
diff --git a/backend/cmd/api/main.go b/backend/cmd/api/main.go
index adc0d23..717401b 100644
--- a/backend/cmd/api/main.go
+++ b/backend/cmd/api/main.go
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 
 	"hfb_sys/backend/internal/config"
 	"hfb_sys/backend/internal/database"
+	"hfb_sys/backend/internal/jobs/ordertimeout"
 	"hfb_sys/backend/internal/router"
 
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
@@ -50,6 +51,11 @@ func main() {
 	}
 
 	engine := router.New(cfg, deps, logger)
+	jobCtx, stopJobs := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	defer stopJobs()
+	if deps.DB != nil {
+		ordertimeout.New(deps.DB, logger).Start(jobCtx)
+	}
 	server := &http.Server{
 		Addr:              cfg.AppAddr,
 		Handler:           engine,
@@ -66,6 +72,7 @@ func main() {
 	quit := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
 	signal.Notify(quit, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
 	<-quit
+	stopJobs()
 
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 10*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
diff --git a/backend/internal/jobs/ordertimeout/job.go b/backend/internal/jobs/ordertimeout/job.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d03519
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/internal/jobs/ordertimeout/job.go
@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+package ordertimeout
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+
+	"hfb_sys/backend/internal/model"
+	"hfb_sys/backend/internal/modules/notification"
+
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+	"gorm.io/datatypes"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
+)
+
+type Job struct {
+	db       *gorm.DB
+	logger   *zap.Logger
+	interval time.Duration
+}
+
+type thresholds struct {
+	OwnerSubmitTimeoutMinutes        int
+	RenterConfirmTimeoutMinutes      int
+	ReturnOverdueGraceMinutes        int
+	OwnerReturnConfirmTimeoutMinutes int
+}
+
+func New(db *gorm.DB, logger *zap.Logger) *Job {
+	return &Job{
+		db:       db,
+		logger:   logger,
+		interval: time.Minute,
+	}
+}
+
+func (j *Job) Start(ctx context.Context) {
+	if j == nil || j.db == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	go j.loop(ctx)
+}
+
+func (j *Job) loop(ctx context.Context) {
+	j.run(ctx)
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(j.interval)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			j.logger.Info("order timeout job stopped")
+			return
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			j.run(ctx)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (j *Job) run(ctx context.Context) {
+	cfg, err := j.loadThresholds(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		j.logger.Warn("order timeout job config load failed", zap.Error(err))
+		return
+	}
+	now := time.Now()
+	handlers := []func(context.Context, time.Time, thresholds) (int, error){
+		j.handleOwnerSubmitTimeout,
+		j.handleRenterConfirmTimeout,
+		j.handleReturnOverdue,
+		j.handleOwnerReturnConfirmTimeout,
+	}
+	total := 0
+	for _, handler := range handlers {
+		count, err := handler(ctx, now, cfg)
+		if err != nil {
+			j.logger.Warn("order timeout handler failed", zap.Error(err))
+			continue
+		}
+		total += count
+	}
+	if total > 0 {
+		j.logger.Info("order timeout job processed orders", zap.Int("count", total))
+	}
+}
+
+func (j *Job) loadThresholds(ctx context.Context) (thresholds, error) {
+	cfg := thresholds{
+		OwnerSubmitTimeoutMinutes:        30,
+		RenterConfirmTimeoutMinutes:      30,
+		ReturnOverdueGraceMinutes:        10,
+		OwnerReturnConfirmTimeoutMinutes: 120,
+	}
+	var rows []model.SystemConfig
+	err := j.db.WithContext(ctx).
+		Where("`key` IN ?", []string{
+			"handoff.owner_submit_timeout_minutes",
+			"handoff.renter_confirm_timeout_minutes",
+			"order.return_overdue_grace_minutes",
+			"handoff.owner_return_confirm_timeout_minutes",
+		}).
+		Find(&rows).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return cfg, err
+	}
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		value, err := strconv.Atoi(row.Value)
+		if err != nil || value <= 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		switch row.Key {
+		case "handoff.owner_submit_timeout_minutes":
+			cfg.OwnerSubmitTimeoutMinutes = value
+		case "handoff.renter_confirm_timeout_minutes":
+			cfg.RenterConfirmTimeoutMinutes = value
+		case "order.return_overdue_grace_minutes":
+			cfg.ReturnOverdueGraceMinutes = value
+		case "handoff.owner_return_confirm_timeout_minutes":
+			cfg.OwnerReturnConfirmTimeoutMinutes = value
+		}
+	}
+	return cfg, nil
+}
+
+func (j *Job) handleOwnerSubmitTimeout(ctx context.Context, now time.Time, cfg thresholds) (int, error) {
+	var rows []model.RentalOrder
+	err := j.db.WithContext(ctx).
+		Where("status = ? AND handoff_status = ? AND created_at <= ?", "pending_handoff", "pending_owner", now.Add(-time.Duration(cfg.OwnerSubmitTimeoutMinutes)*time.Minute)).
+		Order("id ASC").
+		Limit(100).
+		Find(&rows).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	count := 0
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		if err := j.updateOrder(ctx, row.ID, "order.timeout.owner_submit", func(tx *gorm.DB, order *model.RentalOrder) (string, error) {
+			if order.Status != "pending_handoff" || order.HandoffStatus != "pending_owner" {
+				return "", nil
+			}
+			before := snapshot(order)
+			order.HandoffStatus = "owner_timeout"
+			orderID := order.ID
+			if err := notification.Append(tx,
+				notification.Entry{
+					UserID:  order.RenterID,
+					Type:    "timeout",
+					Title:   "号主交接超时",
+					Content: "号主未在规定时间内提交交接说明，你可以取消订单或发起申诉。",
+					BizType: "order",
+					BizID:   &orderID,
+				},
+				notification.Entry{
+					UserID:  order.OwnerID,
+					Type:    "timeout",
+					Title:   "订单交接已超时",
+					Content: "你未在规定时间内提交交接说明，租客可取消订单或发起申诉。",
+					BizType: "order",
+					BizID:   &orderID,
+				},
+			); err != nil {
+				return "", err
+			}
+			return before, nil
+		}); err != nil {
+			return count, err
+		}
+		count++
+	}
+	return count, nil
+}
+
+func (j *Job) handleRenterConfirmTimeout(ctx context.Context, now time.Time, cfg thresholds) (int, error) {
+	var rows []model.RentalOrder
+	err := j.db.WithContext(ctx).
+		Where("status = ? AND handoff_status = ?", "pending_handoff", "pending_renter_confirm").
+		Order("id ASC").
+		Limit(100).
+		Find(&rows).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	count := 0
+	deadline := now.Add(-time.Duration(cfg.RenterConfirmTimeoutMinutes) * time.Minute)
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		var handoff model.HandoffRecord
+		err := j.db.WithContext(ctx).
+			Where("order_id = ? AND type = ?", row.ID, "owner_handoff").
+			Order("id DESC").
+			First(&handoff).Error
+		if err != nil || handoff.CreatedAt.After(deadline) {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := j.updateOrder(ctx, row.ID, "order.timeout.renter_confirm", func(tx *gorm.DB, order *model.RentalOrder) (string, error) {
+			if order.Status != "pending_handoff" || order.HandoffStatus != "pending_renter_confirm" {
+				return "", nil
+			}
+			before := snapshot(order)
+			order.Status = "abnormal"
+			order.HandoffStatus = "renter_confirm_timeout"
+			orderID := order.ID
+			if err := notification.Append(tx,
+				notification.Entry{
+					UserID:  order.RenterID,
+					Type:    "timeout",
+					Title:   "确认收号超时",
+					Content: "你未在规定时间内确认收号，订单已进入客服介入状态。",
+					BizType: "order",
+					BizID:   &orderID,
+				},
+				notification.Entry{
+					UserID:  order.OwnerID,
+					Type:    "timeout",
+					Title:   "租客确认收号超时",
+					Content: "租客未在规定时间内确认收号，订单已进入客服介入状态。",
+					BizType: "order",
+					BizID:   &orderID,
+				},
+			); err != nil {
+				return "", err
+			}
+			return before, nil
+		}); err != nil {
+			return count, err
+		}
+		count++
+	}
+	return count, nil
+}
+
+func (j *Job) handleReturnOverdue(ctx context.Context, now time.Time, cfg thresholds) (int, error) {
+	var rows []model.RentalOrder
+	err := j.db.WithContext(ctx).
+		Where("status = ? AND rent_end_at IS NOT NULL AND rent_end_at <= ?", "renting", now.Add(-time.Duration(cfg.ReturnOverdueGraceMinutes)*time.Minute)).
+		Order("id ASC").
+		Limit(100).
+		Find(&rows).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	count := 0
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		if err := j.updateOrder(ctx, row.ID, "order.timeout.return_overdue", func(tx *gorm.DB, order *model.RentalOrder) (string, error) {
+			if order.Status != "renting" {
+				return "", nil
+			}
+			before := snapshot(order)
+			order.Status = "overdue"
+			order.HandoffStatus = "return_overdue"
+			orderID := order.ID
+			if err := notification.Append(tx,
+				notification.Entry{
+					UserID:  order.RenterID,
+					Type:    "timeout",
+					Title:   "订单已逾期未归还",
+					Content: "租期已超时，请尽快提交归还说明，避免进入申诉处理。",
+					BizType: "order",
+					BizID:   &orderID,
+				},
+				notification.Entry{
+					UserID:  order.OwnerID,
+					Type:    "timeout",
+					Title:   "租客逾期未归还",
+					Content: "租客未在租期结束后及时归还，你可以发起申诉或等待客服处理。",
+					BizType: "order",
+					BizID:   &orderID,
+				},
+			); err != nil {
+				return "", err
+			}
+			return before, nil
+		}); err != nil {
+			return count, err
+		}
+		count++
+	}
+	return count, nil
+}
+
+func (j *Job) handleOwnerReturnConfirmTimeout(ctx context.Context, now time.Time, cfg thresholds) (int, error) {
+	var rows []model.RentalOrder
+	err := j.db.WithContext(ctx).
+		Where("status = ? AND handoff_status = ? AND updated_at <= ?", "pending_return_confirm", "pending_owner_return_confirm", now.Add(-time.Duration(cfg.OwnerReturnConfirmTimeoutMinutes)*time.Minute)).
+		Order("id ASC").
+		Limit(100).
+		Find(&rows).Error
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	count := 0
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		if err := j.updateOrder(ctx, row.ID, "order.timeout.owner_return_confirm", func(tx *gorm.DB, order *model.RentalOrder) (string, error) {
+			if order.Status != "pending_return_confirm" || order.HandoffStatus != "pending_owner_return_confirm" {
+				return "", nil
+			}
+			before := snapshot(order)
+			order.Status = "abnormal"
+			order.HandoffStatus = "owner_return_confirm_timeout"
+			orderID := order.ID
+			if err := notification.Append(tx,
+				notification.Entry{
+					UserID:  order.RenterID,
+					Type:    "timeout",
+					Title:   "号主确认归还超时",
+					Content: "号主未在规定时间内确认归还，订单已进入客服复核状态。",
+					BizType: "order",
+					BizID:   &orderID,
+				},
+				notification.Entry{
+					UserID:  order.OwnerID,
+					Type:    "timeout",
+					Title:   "确认归还已超时",
+					Content: "你未在规定时间内确认归还，订单已进入客服复核状态。",
+					BizType: "order",
+					BizID:   &orderID,
+				},
+			); err != nil {
+				return "", err
+			}
+			return before, nil
+		}); err != nil {
+			return count, err
+		}
+		count++
+	}
+	return count, nil
+}
+
+func (j *Job) updateOrder(ctx context.Context, orderID uint64, action string, fn func(*gorm.DB, *model.RentalOrder) (string, error)) error {
+	return j.db.WithContext(ctx).Transaction(func(tx *gorm.DB) error {
+		var order model.RentalOrder
+		if err := tx.Clauses(clause.Locking{Strength: "UPDATE"}).First(&order, orderID).Error; err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		before, err := fn(tx, &order)
+		if err != nil || before == "" {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := tx.Save(&order).Error; err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return appendAuditLog(tx, action, order.ID, map[string]any{
+			"order_id": order.ID,
+			"order_no": order.OrderNo,
+			"before":   before,
+			"after":    snapshot(&order),
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+func snapshot(order *model.RentalOrder) string {
+	raw, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]any{
+		"status":            order.Status,
+		"handoff_status":    order.HandoffStatus,
+		"settlement_status": order.SettlementStatus,
+	})
+	return string(raw)
+}
+
+func appendAuditLog(tx *gorm.DB, action string, bizID uint64, detail map[string]any) error {
+	raw, err := json.Marshal(detail)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	row := model.AuditLog{
+		ActorType: "system",
+		ActorID:   0,
+		Action:    action,
+		BizType:   "order",
+		BizID:     &bizID,
+		Detail:    datatypes.JSON(raw),
+	}
+	return tx.Create(&row).Error
+}
diff --git a/backend/internal/modules/order/repository.go b/backend/internal/modules/order/repository.go
index 9a635d0..8dc53e7 100644
--- a/backend/internal/modules/order/repository.go
+++ b/backend/internal/modules/order/repository.go
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ func (r *Repository) SubmitReturn(userID uint64, orderID uint64, req SubmitRetur
 		if order.RenterID != userID {
 			return ErrPermissionDenied
 		}
-		if order.Status != "renting" || order.HandoffStatus != "received" {
+		if (order.Status != "renting" && order.Status != "overdue") || (order.HandoffStatus != "received" && order.HandoffStatus != "return_overdue") {
 			return ErrOrderCannotReturn
 		}
 		now := time.Now()
diff --git a/docs/api.md b/docs/api.md
index d260099..a10e4c3 100644
--- a/docs/api.md
+++ b/docs/api.md
@@ -74,3 +74,5 @@ API 规划以 [项目计划](project-plan.md) 第 10 章为准。
 - `GET /api/admin/audit-logs`
 
 说明：`GET /api/admin/listings` 支持按 `owner_id`、`status`、`review_status` 和 `limit` 查询商品。`GET /api/admin/wallet/ledger` 支持按 `user_id`、`order_id`、`biz_type` 和 `limit` 查询最近资金流水。`GET /api/admin/audit-logs` 支持按 `actor_id`、`action`、`biz_type` 和 `limit` 查询最近审计日志。`/api/admin/*` 当前已使用独立后台登录，后续接入 RBAC 和 Casbin 权限后再按角色收紧访问控制。
+
+订单超时扫描任务为后端内部任务，不暴露公开 API；超时阈值通过 `/api/admin/system-configs` 调整。
diff --git a/docs/business-rules.md b/docs/business-rules.md
index 16507f3..8a398d8 100644
--- a/docs/business-rules.md
+++ b/docs/business-rules.md
@@ -51,12 +51,24 @@
 ## 开发态归还与完成
 
 - 租赁中订单可以由租客提交归还。
+- 逾期中订单仍允许租客提交归还，但后台和号主可以根据逾期情况发起申诉或客服处理。
 - 租客提交归还后，订单状态变为 `pending_return_confirm`，交接状态变为 `pending_owner_return_confirm`。
 - 只有号主可以确认归还。
 - 号主确认归还后，订单状态变为 `completed`，交接状态变为 `returned`，结算状态先标记为 `settled`。
 - 订单完成后，账号和发布状态恢复为 `published`。
 - 当前会生成开发态模拟钱包流水，不代表真实支付或提现。
 
+## 开发态超时任务
+
+- 后端启动后会运行订单超时扫描任务，默认每 1 分钟执行一次。
+- 任务从 `system_configs` 读取超时阈值，包括号主待交接、租客确认收号、租客归还宽限和号主确认归还。
+- 号主待交接超时：订单保持 `pending_handoff`，交接状态变为 `owner_timeout`，租客仍可取消订单或发起申诉。
+- 租客确认收号超时：订单状态变为 `abnormal`，交接状态变为 `renter_confirm_timeout`，进入客服介入。
+- 租客逾期未归还：订单状态变为 `overdue`，交接状态变为 `return_overdue`，租客仍可提交归还，号主可发起申诉。
+- 号主确认归还超时：订单状态变为 `abnormal`，交接状态变为 `owner_return_confirm_timeout`，进入客服复核。
+- 每个超时动作只推进一次状态，避免重复通知。
+- 超时动作会给相关用户写入站内信，并以 `system` 身份写入 `audit_logs`。
+
 ## 开发态钱包账务
 
 - 钱包账务当前为模拟流水，不代表真实支付、充值或提现。
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/account/OrderDetailView.vue b/frontend/src/views/account/OrderDetailView.vue
index 724076e..43731ec 100644
--- a/frontend/src/views/account/OrderDetailView.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/views/account/OrderDetailView.vue
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ function readError(error: unknown, fallback: string) {
       <el-button type="primary" :loading="confirming" @click="handleConfirmReceive">确认已收到账号</el-button>
     </div>
 
-    <div v-if="order && isRenter && order.status === 'renting'" class="order-panel">
+    <div v-if="order && isRenter && ['renting', 'overdue'].includes(order.status)" class="order-panel">
       <h2>提交归还</h2>
       <el-input v-model="returnContent" type="textarea" :rows="4" placeholder="填写归还说明、租后资产状态或注意事项" />
       <el-button class="panel-action" type="primary" :loading="returning" @click="handleSubmitReturn">提交归还</el-button>
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/admin/AdminAuditLogsView.vue b/frontend/src/views/admin/AdminAuditLogsView.vue
index d6c9058..62edd2e 100644
--- a/frontend/src/views/admin/AdminAuditLogsView.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/views/admin/AdminAuditLogsView.vue
@@ -93,6 +93,10 @@ function actionType(action: string) {
           <el-option label="商品标记异常" value="listing.mark_abnormal" />
           <el-option label="客服关闭订单" value="order.admin_close" />
           <el-option label="订单标记异常" value="order.mark_abnormal" />
+          <el-option label="号主交接超时" value="order.timeout.owner_submit" />
+          <el-option label="租客确认超时" value="order.timeout.renter_confirm" />
+          <el-option label="租客归还逾期" value="order.timeout.return_overdue" />
+          <el-option label="号主确认归还超时" value="order.timeout.owner_return_confirm" />
           <el-option label="申诉仲裁" value="dispute.arbitrate" />
           <el-option label="更新系统配置" value="system_config.update" />
           <el-option label="创建系统配置" value="system_config.create" />
diff --git a/frontend/src/views/admin/AdminOrdersView.vue b/frontend/src/views/admin/AdminOrdersView.vue
index 8d898da..73dec19 100644
--- a/frontend/src/views/admin/AdminOrdersView.vue
+++ b/frontend/src/views/admin/AdminOrdersView.vue
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ async function loadOrders() {
         <el-select v-model="status" clearable placeholder="订单状态" style="width: 180px">
           <el-option label="待交接" value="pending_handoff" />
           <el-option label="租赁中" value="renting" />
+          <el-option label="逾期中" value="overdue" />
           <el-option label="待归还确认" value="pending_return_confirm" />
           <el-option label="申诉中" value="disputing" />
           <el-option label="异常" value="abnormal" />