diff --git a/backend/internal/jobs/refundretry/job.go b/backend/internal/jobs/refundretry/job.go
index cba7d82..06a74c8 100644
--- a/backend/internal/jobs/refundretry/job.go
+++ b/backend/internal/jobs/refundretry/job.go
@@ -119,12 +119,16 @@ func (j *Job) run(ctx context.Context) {
 	if err != nil {
 		j.logger.Warn("refund retry job sync payments failed", zap.Error(err))
 	}
-	missing, err := j.warnMissingRefundOrders(ctx, now)
+	missing, rebuilt, err := j.warnMissingRefundOrders(ctx, now)
 	if err != nil {
 		j.logger.Warn("refund retry job scan missing refund orders failed", zap.Error(err))
 	}
 	if processed > 0 || missing > 0 {
-		j.logger.Info("refund retry job finished", zap.Int("processed", processed), zap.Int("missing_refund_orders", missing))
+		j.logger.Info("refund retry job finished",
+			zap.Int("processed", processed),
+			zap.Int("missing_refund_orders", missing),
+			zap.Int("rebuilt_arbitration_refunds", rebuilt),
+		)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -232,7 +236,7 @@ func (j *Job) warnMaxRetryRefunds(ctx context.Context, now time.Time) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (j *Job) warnMissingRefundOrders(ctx context.Context, now time.Time) (int, error) {
+func (j *Job) warnMissingRefundOrders(ctx context.Context, now time.Time) (int, int, error) {
 	var rows []model.RentalOrder
 	err := j.db.WithContext(ctx).
 		Where("refund_status IN ? AND refund_amount_cent > 0 AND updated_at <= ?", []string{"pending", "refunding"}, now.Add(-10*time.Minute)).
@@ -240,26 +244,54 @@ func (j *Job) warnMissingRefundOrders(ctx context.Context, now time.Time) (int,
 		Limit(100).
 		Find(&rows).Error
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, err
+		return 0, 0, err
 	}
 	missing := 0
+	rebuilt := 0
 	for _, row := range rows {
 		var count int64
 		if err := j.db.WithContext(ctx).Model(&model.PaymentOrder{}).
 			Where("order_id = ? AND biz_type IN ?", row.ID, payment.RefundBizTypes()).
 			Count(&count).Error; err != nil {
-			return missing, err
+			return missing, rebuilt, err
 		}
 		if count > 0 {
 			continue
 		}
 		missing++
+		// 仲裁孤儿：settlement_status="arbitrated" 是仲裁事务无条件写入的标志
+		// (arbitration.go:61)，biz_type 可确定还原为 arbitration_refund，自动补建。
+		// 非仲裁孤儿 biz_type 无法从订单状态可靠区分，维持只告警。
+		if row.SettlementStatus == "arbitrated" {
+			if j.payments == nil {
+				j.logger.Warn("auto rebuild arbitration refund skipped, payment repository unavailable",
+					zap.Uint64("order_id", row.ID),
+					zap.Int64("refund_amount_cent", row.RefundAmountCent),
+				)
+				continue
+			}
+			if _, err := j.payments.StartRefund(ctx, row.ID, row.RefundAmountCent, "arbitration_refund", "仲裁退款补偿补建"); err != nil {
+				j.logger.Warn("auto rebuild arbitration refund failed, need manual check",
+					zap.Uint64("order_id", row.ID),
+					zap.Int64("refund_amount_cent", row.RefundAmountCent),
+					zap.Error(err),
+				)
+			} else {
+				rebuilt++
+				j.logger.Info("auto rebuild arbitration refund submitted",
+					zap.Uint64("order_id", row.ID),
+					zap.Int64("refund_amount_cent", row.RefundAmountCent),
+				)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
 		j.logger.Warn("refund order missing payment record, need manual check",
 			zap.Uint64("order_id", row.ID),
 			zap.String("order_no", row.OrderNo),
 			zap.String("refund_status", row.RefundStatus),
+			zap.String("settlement_status", row.SettlementStatus),
 			zap.Int64("refund_amount_cent", row.RefundAmountCent),
 		)
 	}
-	return missing, nil
+	return missing, rebuilt, nil
 }
diff --git a/backend/internal/jobs/refundretry/job_test.go b/backend/internal/jobs/refundretry/job_test.go
index 9b7b118..0e5e1cd 100644
--- a/backend/internal/jobs/refundretry/job_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/jobs/refundretry/job_test.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"hfb_sys/backend/internal/model"
+	"hfb_sys/backend/internal/modules/payment"
 
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
@@ -115,3 +116,142 @@ func TestResetRetryClearsRetryFields(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("retry fields = count:%d last:%v next:%v, want zero/nil", latest.RetryCount, latest.LastRetryAt, latest.NextRetryAt)
 	}
 }
+
+// createArbitrationOrphanFixture 构造一个仲裁孤儿订单：已支付原单 + 仲裁已结案但退款单缺失。
+func createArbitrationOrphanFixture(t *testing.T, db *gorm.DB, suffix string, settlementStatus string) model.RentalOrder {
+	t.Helper()
+	order := model.RentalOrder{
+		OrderNo:            "ORD" + suffix,
+		ListingID:          1,
+		AccountID:          1,
+		OwnerID:            1,
+		RenterID:           2,
+		RentAmountCent:     1000,
+		DepositAmountCent:  500,
+		Status:             "closed",
+		HandoffStatus:      "arbitrated",
+		SettlementStatus:   settlementStatus,
+		RefundStatus:       "pending",
+		RefundAmountCent:   800,
+		UpdatedAt:          time.Now().Add(-20 * time.Minute), // 超过 10min 静默窗口
+	}
+	if err := db.Create(&order).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create order failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	originalPayment := model.PaymentOrder{
+		PaymentNo:    "PAY" + suffix,
+		OrderID:      order.ID,
+		OrderNo:      order.OrderNo,
+		UserID:       2,
+		Provider:     "mock",
+		ThirdOrderID: "TPAY" + suffix,
+		AmountCent:   1500,
+		BizType:      "order_pay",
+		Status:       "paid",
+	}
+	if err := db.Create(&originalPayment).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create original payment failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	return order
+}
+
+// TestAutoRebuildArbitrationOrphan 验证仲裁孤儿订单被自动补建退款单。
+func TestAutoRebuildArbitrationOrphan(t *testing.T) {
+	db := setupRefundRetryTestDB(t)
+	repo := payment.NewRepository(db, nil, nil)
+	job := New(db, nil, zap.NewNop(), repo)
+
+	order := createArbitrationOrphanFixture(t, db, "ARB001", "arbitrated")
+
+	now := time.Now()
+	missing, rebuilt, err := job.warnMissingRefundOrders(t.Context(), now)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("warnMissingRefundOrders() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if missing != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("missing = %d, want 1", missing)
+	}
+	if rebuilt != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("rebuilt = %d, want 1", rebuilt)
+	}
+
+	// 断言：payment_orders 新增一条 arbitration_refund 退款单
+	var refunds []model.PaymentOrder
+	if err := db.Where("order_id = ? AND biz_type = ?", order.ID, "arbitration_refund").Find(&refunds).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("query refund failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(refunds) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("arbitration_refund records = %d, want 1", len(refunds))
+	}
+	if refunds[0].AmountCent != 800 {
+		t.Fatalf("refund amount = %d, want 800", refunds[0].AmountCent)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestNoRebuildForNonArbitrationOrphan 验证非仲裁孤儿（settlement_status 非 arbitrated）不补建，仅告警。
+func TestNoRebuildForNonArbitrationOrphan(t *testing.T) {
+	db := setupRefundRetryTestDB(t)
+	repo := payment.NewRepository(db, nil, nil)
+	job := New(db, nil, zap.NewNop(), repo)
+
+	order := createArbitrationOrphanFixture(t, db, "ARB002", "settled") // 非仲裁结算
+
+	now := time.Now()
+	missing, rebuilt, err := job.warnMissingRefundOrders(t.Context(), now)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("warnMissingRefundOrders() error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if missing != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("missing = %d, want 1", missing)
+	}
+	if rebuilt != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("rebuilt = %d, want 0 (non-arbitration orphan should not rebuild)", rebuilt)
+	}
+
+	var refunds []model.PaymentOrder
+	if err := db.Where("order_id = ? AND biz_type = ?", order.ID, "arbitration_refund").Find(&refunds).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("query refund failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(refunds) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("arbitration_refund records = %d, want 0 (no rebuild)", len(refunds))
+	}
+}
+
+// TestRebuildArbitrationOrphanIdempotent 验证连续两次扫描的幂等性。
+// mock 模式下首次补建直接置 refunded，订单 refund_status 变更后第二次扫描不再命中，
+// 退款单始终只有一条。真实非 mock 场景同理：首次补建留下 payment 记录，
+// 第二次扫描 count>0 直接跳过，不会重复建单。
+func TestRebuildArbitrationOrphanIdempotent(t *testing.T) {
+	db := setupRefundRetryTestDB(t)
+	repo := payment.NewRepository(db, nil, nil)
+	job := New(db, nil, zap.NewNop(), repo)
+
+	order := createArbitrationOrphanFixture(t, db, "ARB003", "arbitrated")
+
+	now := time.Now()
+	// 第一次：补建成功
+	if _, rebuilt, err := job.warnMissingRefundOrders(t.Context(), now); err != nil || rebuilt != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("first run: rebuilt=%d err=%v, want rebuilt=1", rebuilt, err)
+	}
+	// 第二次：mock 模式下第一次补建已置 refunded，订单 refund_status 变更，
+	// warnMissingRefundOrders 的扫描条件（refund_status IN pending/refunding）不再命中 → missing=0
+	missing, rebuilt, err := job.warnMissingRefundOrders(t.Context(), now)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("second run error = %v", err)
+	}
+	if missing != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("second run missing = %d, want 0 (order no longer orphan after rebuild)", missing)
+	}
+	if rebuilt != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("second run rebuilt = %d, want 0", rebuilt)
+	}
+
+	// 断言：退款单仍只有一条 arbitration_refund
+	var count int64
+	if err := db.Model(&model.PaymentOrder{}).Where("order_id = ? AND biz_type = ?", order.ID, "arbitration_refund").Count(&count).Error; err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("count refund failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if count != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("arbitration_refund count = %d, want 1 (idempotent)", count)
+	}
+}