diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 520d5b6..a369adc 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ npm run dev
 
 ## 开发态短信与实名
 
-- 后端日志使用单行可读文本。开发环境默认只输出控制台，生产示例只输出 `backend/logs/app-YYYY-MM-DD.log`，避免重复存储；可通过 `LOG_LEVEL=debug|info|warn|error` 调整级别。
+- 后端日志使用单行可读文本。开发环境同时输出控制台和 `backend/logs/app-YYYY-MM-DD.log`，生产示例只输出文件以避免重复存储；可通过 `LOG_LEVEL=debug|info|warn|error` 调整级别。
 - 短信验证码默认使用 mock 适配器，本地验证码会以 INFO 日志输出，手机号保持脱敏。生产环境强制使用 `SMS_PROVIDER=aliyun`。
 - 阿里云短信需要配置 `ALIYUN_ACCESS_KEY_ID`、`ALIYUN_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET`、`ALIYUN_SMS_SIGN_NAME` 和 `ALIYUN_SMS_LOGIN_TEMPLATE_CODE`，模板变量名默认为 `code`。
 - 实名认证使用 mock 适配器，登录后请求 `POST /api/realname/start`，提交合法姓名和 18 位身份证号会直接通过。
diff --git a/backend/.env.example b/backend/.env.example
index 37d6f10..e4cebae 100644
--- a/backend/.env.example
+++ b/backend/.env.example
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ RATE_LIMIT_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE=300
 LOG_LEVEL=info
 LOG_DIR=logs
 LOG_ENABLE_CONSOLE=true
-LOG_ENABLE_FILE=false
+LOG_ENABLE_FILE=true
 LOG_RETAIN_DAYS=14
 
 # MinIO 容器初始化变量，同时供后端对象存储使用。
diff --git a/backend/.env.prod.example b/backend/.env.prod.example
index aa16483..f77f0f0 100644
--- a/backend/.env.prod.example
+++ b/backend/.env.prod.example
@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@ ADMIN_BOOTSTRAP_NICKNAME=超级管理员
 RATE_LIMIT_ENABLED=true
 RATE_LIMIT_REQUESTS_PER_MINUTE=300
 
+# 后端容器使用宿主机业务用户的 UID/GID，服务器上可用 id -u yml、id -g yml 查询。
+BACKEND_UID=1000
+BACKEND_GID=1000
+
 LOG_LEVEL=info
 LOG_DIR=/app/logs
 LOG_ENABLE_CONSOLE=false
diff --git a/backend/Dockerfile b/backend/Dockerfile
index 6552a21..4a4114b 100644
--- a/backend/Dockerfile
+++ b/backend/Dockerfile
@@ -24,9 +24,14 @@ ENV TZ=Asia/Shanghai
 # 国内服务器访问 dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org 常极慢，改用阿里云镜像
 RUN sed -i 's#https\?://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine#https://mirrors.aliyun.com/alpine#g' \
       /etc/apk/repositories \
-    && apk add --no-cache tzdata
+    && apk add --no-cache tzdata \
+    && addgroup -S -g 10001 app \
+    && adduser -S -D -H -u 10001 -G app app \
+    && mkdir -p /app/logs \
+    && chown app:app /app/logs
 COPY --from=build /out/hfb-api /app/hfb-api
 COPY --from=build /go/bin/goose /app/goose
 COPY --from=build /src/migrations /app/migrations
+USER app:app
 EXPOSE 8080
 CMD ["/app/hfb-api"]
diff --git a/backend/internal/config/config.go b/backend/internal/config/config.go
index 9061540..286d1f8 100644
--- a/backend/internal/config/config.go
+++ b/backend/internal/config/config.go
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func Load() Config {
 			Level:         getEnv("LOG_LEVEL", "info"),
 			Dir:           getEnv("LOG_DIR", "logs"),
 			EnableConsole: getEnvBool("LOG_ENABLE_CONSOLE", true),
-			EnableFile:    getEnvBool("LOG_ENABLE_FILE", false),
+			EnableFile:    getEnvBool("LOG_ENABLE_FILE", true),
 			RetainDays:    getEnvInt("LOG_RETAIN_DAYS", 14),
 		},
 		RateLimit: RateLimitConfig{
diff --git a/backend/internal/middleware/request_logger.go b/backend/internal/middleware/request_logger.go
index 56e9cf4..b1061f7 100644
--- a/backend/internal/middleware/request_logger.go
+++ b/backend/internal/middleware/request_logger.go
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package middleware
 
 import (
 	"net/http"
+	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"hfb_sys/backend/pkg/response"
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 )
 
-// 正常请求不记录访问日志；只有慢请求、服务端错误、限流和有诊断价值的认证失败会输出。
+// 查询请求默认静默；成功写操作、慢请求、服务端错误、限流和有诊断价值的认证失败会输出。
 const slowRequestThresholdMs = 500
 
 func RequestLogger(logger *zap.Logger) gin.HandlerFunc {
@@ -23,8 +24,9 @@ func RequestLogger(logger *zap.Logger) gin.HandlerFunc {
 		path := c.Request.URL.Path
 		route := c.FullPath()
 		authFailure := meaningfulAuthFailure(c)
+		operation := meaningfulOperation(c.Request.Method, path, status)
 
-		if shouldSkipHTTPLog(path, route, status, latencyMs) && !authFailure {
+		if shouldSkipHTTPLog(path, route, status, latencyMs) && !authFailure && !operation {
 			return
 		}
 
@@ -78,10 +80,33 @@ func RequestLogger(logger *zap.Logger) gin.HandlerFunc {
 			logger.Warn("后台认证失败", fields...)
 		case latencyMs >= slowRequestThresholdMs:
 			logger.Warn("HTTP 慢请求", fields...)
+		case operation:
+			logger.Info("HTTP 操作完成", fields...)
 		}
 	}
 }
 
+func meaningfulOperation(method, path string, status int) bool {
+	if status < 200 || status >= 400 {
+		return false
+	}
+	// 支付回调已有更完整的业务结果日志，不再重复记录一条访问日志。
+	if isPaymentNotifyPath(path) {
+		return false
+	}
+	switch method {
+	case http.MethodPost, http.MethodPut, http.MethodPatch, http.MethodDelete:
+		return true
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+}
+
+func isPaymentNotifyPath(path string) bool {
+	return (strings.Contains(path, "/payment/") || strings.Contains(path, "/payments/")) &&
+		strings.HasSuffix(strings.TrimSuffix(path, "/"), "/notify")
+}
+
 // shouldSkipHTTPLog 判断是否为无需记录的普通请求。
 func shouldSkipHTTPLog(_, _ string, status int, latencyMs float64) bool {
 	if status >= 500 || status == http.StatusTooManyRequests {
diff --git a/backend/internal/middleware/request_logger_test.go b/backend/internal/middleware/request_logger_test.go
index 359b5ea..c368904 100644
--- a/backend/internal/middleware/request_logger_test.go
+++ b/backend/internal/middleware/request_logger_test.go
@@ -29,3 +29,28 @@ func TestShouldSkipHTTPLog(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestMeaningfulOperation(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name   string
+		method string
+		path   string
+		status int
+		want   bool
+	}{
+		{name: "创建成功", method: "POST", path: "/api/orders", status: 201, want: true},
+		{name: "更新成功", method: "PUT", path: "/api/orders/1", status: 200, want: true},
+		{name: "删除成功", method: "DELETE", path: "/api/orders/1", status: 204, want: true},
+		{name: "普通查询", method: "GET", path: "/api/orders", status: 200, want: false},
+		{name: "失败写操作", method: "POST", path: "/api/orders", status: 400, want: false},
+		{name: "支付回调已有业务日志", method: "POST", path: "/api/payments/lakala/notify", status: 200, want: false},
+		{name: "支付回调尾部斜杠", method: "POST", path: "/api/payments/leshua/notify/", status: 200, want: false},
+	}
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if got := meaningfulOperation(tt.method, tt.path, tt.status); got != tt.want {
+				t.Fatalf("meaningfulOperation() = %v, want %v", got, tt.want)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
diff --git a/deploy/README.md b/deploy/README.md
index 62418e2..316f728 100644
--- a/deploy/README.md
+++ b/deploy/README.md
@@ -36,8 +36,19 @@ MINIO_ROOT_USER
 MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD
 STORAGE_ACCESS_KEY_ID
 STORAGE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY
+BACKEND_UID
+BACKEND_GID
 ```
 
+`BACKEND_UID`、`BACKEND_GID` 填写服务器业务用户的数值 ID，例如：
+
+```bash
+id -u yml
+id -g yml
+```
+
+后端容器会使用该 UID/GID 运行。部署脚本由 root 执行时会自动把已有日志修正为该属主；非 root 执行且发现旧的 root 日志时，会给出需要执行的 `chown` 命令后停止。
+
 ### 同机部署选号网（hfb_show，可选）
 
 在 `backend/.env` 增加（域名不要带 `https://`）：
@@ -76,6 +87,7 @@ HFB_SHOW_DIR=../hfb_show
 - 检查 `backend/.env` 是否仍指向 `127.0.0.1`、`localhost` 或占位值。
 - 使用内置 MinIO 时，检查 `STORAGE_ACCESS_KEY_ID` / `STORAGE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY` 是否和 `MINIO_ROOT_USER` / `MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD` 一致。
 - 构建并启动生产容器。
+- 使用配置的非 root UID/GID 运行后端，并检查日志目录属主。
 - 通过 Caddy 自动申请或续签 HTTPS 证书。
 - 等待 MySQL、Redis、MinIO 就绪。
 - 按顺序执行尚未应用的数据库迁移。
@@ -87,7 +99,7 @@ HFB_SHOW_DIR=../hfb_show
 ./scripts/deploy-prod.sh --logs
 ```
 
-后端运行日志会同时输出到 Docker 控制台，并写入宿主机：
+后端运行日志会写入宿主机：
 
 ```text
 backend/logs/app-YYYY-MM-DD.log
diff --git a/deploy/docker-compose.prod.yml b/deploy/docker-compose.prod.yml
index f38f91e..7a224b8 100644
--- a/deploy/docker-compose.prod.yml
+++ b/deploy/docker-compose.prod.yml
@@ -103,6 +103,8 @@ services:
     build:
       context: ../backend
     restart: unless-stopped
+    # 使用宿主机业务用户的 UID/GID，避免绑定挂载的日志被 root 创建。
+    user: "${BACKEND_UID:?请在 backend/.env 配置 BACKEND_UID}:${BACKEND_GID:?请在 backend/.env 配置 BACKEND_GID}"
     env_file:
       - ../backend/.env
     environment:
diff --git a/scripts/deploy-prod.sh b/scripts/deploy-prod.sh
index f967971..8fee5fa 100755
--- a/scripts/deploy-prod.sh
+++ b/scripts/deploy-prod.sh
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ validate_env() {
     exit 1
   fi
 
-  local app_env caddy_domain caddy_email mysql_dsn redis_addr storage_endpoint
+  local app_env caddy_domain caddy_email mysql_dsn redis_addr storage_endpoint backend_uid backend_gid
   local minio_root_user minio_root_password storage_access_key_id storage_secret_access_key
   app_env="$(require_env APP_ENV)"
   caddy_domain="$(require_env CADDY_DOMAIN)"
@@ -163,6 +163,13 @@ validate_env() {
   minio_root_password="$(require_env MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD)"
   storage_access_key_id="$(require_env STORAGE_ACCESS_KEY_ID)"
   storage_secret_access_key="$(require_env STORAGE_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY)"
+  backend_uid="$(require_env BACKEND_UID)"
+  backend_gid="$(require_env BACKEND_GID)"
+
+  if [[ ! "${backend_uid}" =~ ^[1-9][0-9]*$ || ! "${backend_gid}" =~ ^[1-9][0-9]*$ ]]; then
+    log_error "BACKEND_UID 和 BACKEND_GID 必须是大于 0 的数字，禁止后端容器使用 root"
+    exit 1
+  fi
 
   if [[ "${app_env}" != "production" ]]; then
     log_warn "APP_ENV 当前是 ${app_env}，生产部署建议改为 production"
@@ -353,7 +360,21 @@ health_url() {
 }
 
 prepare_log_dir() {
+  local backend_uid backend_gid owner_mismatch
+  backend_uid="$(require_env BACKEND_UID)"
+  backend_gid="$(require_env BACKEND_GID)"
   mkdir -p "${BACKEND_LOG_DIR}"
+  owner_mismatch="$(find "${BACKEND_LOG_DIR}" \( ! -uid "${backend_uid}" -o ! -gid "${backend_gid}" \) -print -quit)"
+  if [[ -n "${owner_mismatch}" ]]; then
+    if [[ "${EUID}" -ne 0 ]]; then
+      log_error "日志目录存在属主不匹配的文件：${owner_mismatch}"
+      log_error "请先执行：sudo chown -R ${backend_uid}:${backend_gid} ${BACKEND_LOG_DIR}"
+      exit 1
+    fi
+    log "修正日志目录属主为 ${backend_uid}:${backend_gid}..."
+    chown -R "${backend_uid}:${backend_gid}" "${BACKEND_LOG_DIR}"
+  fi
+  chmod 700 "${BACKEND_LOG_DIR}"
 }
 
 wait_service_healthy() {