diff --git a/apps/backend/src/services/order/order-service.js b/apps/backend/src/services/order/order-service.ts
similarity index 71%
rename from apps/backend/src/services/order/order-service.js
rename to apps/backend/src/services/order/order-service.ts
index cc9c92d0..b1290a4d 100644
--- a/apps/backend/src/services/order/order-service.js
+++ b/apps/backend/src/services/order/order-service.ts
@@ -12,12 +12,95 @@ import { ensureAgisoXianyuClaimMessageDeliveredForTask } from '../platforms/agis
 import { resolveOrderItemForFulfillment } from './product-match-service.js'
 import { nowIso } from '../../utils/time.js'
 import { logWebhook } from '../../utils/logger.js'
+import type { OrderItemRow, OrderRow, TaskRow } from '../../types/repository-rows.js'
 
-export async function upsertOrderFromWebhook(event) {
+type SourceOrderItem = {
+  quantity?: number
+  spec?: Record<string, unknown>
+  snapshot?: Record<string, unknown>
+  [key: string]: unknown
+}
+
+type FulfillmentOrderItem = SourceOrderItem & {
+  isConfigured: boolean
+  skuCode: string
+  skuName: string
+  quantity: number
+  spec?: Record<string, unknown>
+  snapshot?: Record<string, unknown>
+}
+
+type SourceOrderEvent = {
+  provider: string
+  platform: string
+  shopId: string
+  shopIdAliases?: string[]
+  shopName: string
+  platformOrderId: string
+  orderStatus: string
+  payStatus: string
+  buyerId: string
+  buyerName: string
+  receiverContact: string
+  totalAmount: number | string
+  currency: string
+  rawPayload: unknown
+  paidAt?: string | null
+  items: SourceOrderItem[]
+}
+
+type UpsertOrderSourceOptions = {
+  sourceLabel?: string
+}
+
+type MessageDeliveryResult = {
+  taskId: number
+  [key: string]: unknown
+}
+
+type UpsertOrderIgnoredResult = {
+  ignored: true
+  ignoreReason: string
+  order: null
+  orderItems: []
+  tasks: []
+  messageDeliveries: []
+}
+
+type UpsertOrderResult = {
+  ignored?: false
+  ignoreReason?: string
+  order: OrderRow
+  orderItems: OrderItemRow[]
+  tasks: TaskRow[]
+  messageDeliveries: MessageDeliveryResult[]
+} | UpsertOrderIgnoredResult
+
+type OrderStateInput = {
+  order_status?: string
+  orderStatus?: string
+  pay_status?: string
+  payStatus?: string
+  paid_at?: string | null
+  paidAt?: string | null
+}
+
+type OrderStateMergeResult = {
+  orderStatus: string
+  payStatus: string
+  paidAt: string | null
+}
+
+type StatusPriorityMap = Record<string, number>
+
+export async function upsertOrderFromWebhook(event: SourceOrderEvent): Promise<UpsertOrderResult> {
   return upsertOrderFromSource(event, { sourceLabel: 'webhook' })
 }
 
-export async function upsertOrderFromSource(event, { sourceLabel = 'source' } = {}) {
+export async function upsertOrderFromSource(
+  event: SourceOrderEvent,
+  { sourceLabel = 'source' }: UpsertOrderSourceOptions = {},
+): Promise<UpsertOrderResult> {
   const now = nowIso()
   const exactExisting = await findOrderByPlatformOrderId({
     provider: event.provider,
@@ -50,7 +133,7 @@ export async function upsertOrderFromSource(event, { sourceLabel = 'source' } =
       item,
     })),
   )
-  const configuredItems = resolvedItems.filter((item) => item.isConfigured)
+  const configuredItems = (resolvedItems as FulfillmentOrderItem[]).filter((item) => item.isConfigured)
 
   if (configuredItems.length === 0) {
     logWebhook('[order-service]', `${sourceLabel} 订单已忽略：未命中任何已配置履约商品`, {
@@ -104,6 +187,10 @@ export async function upsertOrderFromSource(event, { sourceLabel = 'source' } =
       updatedAt: now,
     })
 
+  if (!order) {
+    throw new Error('订单写入失败')
+  }
+
   const orderItems = await replaceOrderItems(
     order.id,
     configuredItems.map((item) => ({
@@ -118,7 +205,7 @@ export async function upsertOrderFromSource(event, { sourceLabel = 'source' } =
   )
 
   const tasks = await syncDeliveryTasksForOrder(order, orderItems)
-  const messageDeliveries = []
+  const messageDeliveries: MessageDeliveryResult[] = []
 
   logWebhook('[order-service]', `${sourceLabel} 订单 upsert 完成`, {
     orderId: order.id,
@@ -173,7 +260,7 @@ export async function upsertOrderFromSource(event, { sourceLabel = 'source' } =
   }
 }
 
-function resolveEventShopIdCandidates(event) {
+function resolveEventShopIdCandidates(event: Pick<SourceOrderEvent, 'shopId' | 'shopIdAliases'>): string[] {
   return [...new Set([
     String(event?.shopId || '').trim(),
     ...(Array.isArray(event?.shopIdAliases) ? event.shopIdAliases : []).map((item) => String(item || '').trim()),
@@ -194,7 +281,10 @@ const PAY_STATUS_PRIORITY = {
   refunded: 2,
 }
 
-export function mergeWebhookOrderState(existing, incoming) {
+export function mergeWebhookOrderState(
+  existing: OrderStateInput | null | undefined,
+  incoming: OrderStateInput | null | undefined,
+): OrderStateMergeResult {
   const orderStatus = chooseHigherPriorityStatus(
     normalizeStateValue(existing?.order_status ?? existing?.orderStatus),
     normalizeStateValue(incoming?.orderStatus ?? incoming?.order_status),
@@ -218,7 +308,11 @@ export function mergeWebhookOrderState(existing, incoming) {
   }
 }
 
-function chooseHigherPriorityStatus(existingValue, incomingValue, priorityMap) {
+function chooseHigherPriorityStatus(
+  existingValue: string,
+  incomingValue: string,
+  priorityMap: StatusPriorityMap,
+): string {
   const existingPriority = resolveStatusPriority(existingValue, priorityMap)
   const incomingPriority = resolveStatusPriority(incomingValue, priorityMap)
 
@@ -233,15 +327,23 @@ function chooseHigherPriorityStatus(existingValue, incomingValue, priorityMap) {
   return incomingValue || existingValue
 }
 
-function resolveStatusPriority(value, priorityMap) {
+function resolveStatusPriority(value: string, priorityMap: StatusPriorityMap): number {
   return Number(priorityMap[normalizeStateValue(value)] ?? -1)
 }
 
-function normalizeStateValue(value) {
+function normalizeStateValue(value: unknown): string {
   return String(value || '').trim().toLowerCase()
 }
 
-function resolveMergedPaidAt({ existingPaidAt, incomingPaidAt, payStatus }) {
+function resolveMergedPaidAt({
+  existingPaidAt,
+  incomingPaidAt,
+  payStatus,
+}: {
+  existingPaidAt: string | null
+  incomingPaidAt: string | null
+  payStatus: string
+}): string | null {
   if (!['paid', 'refunded'].includes(normalizeStateValue(payStatus))) {
     return null
   }
@@ -256,7 +358,7 @@ function resolveMergedPaidAt({ existingPaidAt, incomingPaidAt, payStatus }) {
   return existingPaidAt || incomingPaidAt || null
 }
 
-function parseDateValue(value) {
+function parseDateValue(value: unknown): number | null {
   const text = String(value || '').trim()
 
   if (!text) {
diff --git a/docs/backend-typescript-migration-plan.md b/docs/backend-typescript-migration-plan.md
index a654fb59..b1dc663d 100644
--- a/docs/backend-typescript-migration-plan.md
+++ b/docs/backend-typescript-migration-plan.md
@@ -272,13 +272,21 @@
     - `npm run typecheck`
     - `npm run build`
     - `npm test` 共 125 个用例通过
+31. 订单 upsert 服务迁移到 `.ts`：
+    - `src/services/order/order-service.ts`
+32. 外部订单事件、订单履约商品、订单状态合并结果、upsert 返回结构已显式类型化
+33. Docker 内验证通过：
+    - 订单 / webhook / open91 相关 3 个测试文件共 15 个用例通过
+    - `npm run typecheck`
+    - `npm run build`
+    - `npm test` 共 125 个用例通过
 
 ## 下一步建议
 
 第一批继续推进时，建议按这个顺序：
 
 1. 继续迁移服务层中最核心、最常改的订单 / 履约 / claim 模块
-2. 逐步移除服务层 `@ts-nocheck`，优先处理 webhook service、自动发货
+2. 逐步移除服务层 `@ts-nocheck`，优先处理 webhook service、自动发货、delivery task
 
 ## 执行原则